Florida’s warm climate and sunny beaches have long made it a top retirement destination.
However, a new study suggests that prolonged exposure to extreme heat may accelerate biological aging, raising concerns for older adults considering a move to hot and humid regions.
The study, published in Science Advances, analyzed data from over 3,600 adults aged 56 and older across the United States. Researchers compared participants’ biological age—determined by molecular changes in their DNA—with historical temperature data from their locations over six years. The findings revealed that individuals living in areas with frequent extreme heat days (above 90°F) showed signs of faster biological aging compared to those in cooler climates.
Even when controlling for lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and exercise, the association between heat exposure and accelerated aging remained significant. In some cases, residents of high-heat areas were estimated to have aged up to 14 months faster biologically than their counterparts in cooler regions.
Biological aging refers to how well the body functions at a cellular level, influenced by genetics, environment, and lifestyle. Unlike chronological age, which counts the number of years a person has lived, biological age can indicate the body’s overall health and susceptibility to disease.
Scientists suggest that extreme heat could trigger molecular changes that impact DNA function, potentially increasing the risk of age-related diseases. Heat exposure is also known to strain the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, particularly in older adults, who may struggle to regulate body temperature due to reduced sweating and existing health conditions.
The National Institute on Aging warns that individuals over 65 are more vulnerable to heat-related illnesses, including heat stroke, dehydration, and exacerbation of chronic conditions such as heart disease and respiratory issues. High humidity further compounds these risks, as it reduces the body’s ability to cool itself through sweating.
Additionally, the World Health Organization has identified extreme heat as a growing public health concern, particularly as climate change leads to more frequent and intense heat waves.
While the study does not conclude that heat directly causes aging, it highlights a strong correlation that could influence retirement planning. Experts suggest that older adults considering relocation to warmer climates should take steps to mitigate potential risks, such as:
- Ensuring access to air conditioning and shaded outdoor spaces
- Staying hydrated and avoiding prolonged outdoor exposure during peak heat hours
- Monitoring weather conditions and taking precautions on extremely hot days
New York Post and the New York Times contributed to this report.
