Syrian Government Reaches Historic Accord with Kurdish-Led Forces
In a significant step toward national unity, the Syrian government has signed an agreement with the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) to integrate the militia’s military and civil institutions into the state.
The deal, announced on Monday, marks a milestone in Damascus’ ongoing efforts to consolidate control over the country, which remains volatile following years of conflict.
The agreement, signed by Syria’s interim President Ahmed al-Sharaa and SDF commander Mazloum Abdi, stipulates the full integration of SDF-controlled regions into the Syrian state by the end of the year. This includes key assets such as border checkpoints, oil and gas fields, and local government institutions. In return, Damascus has pledged to recognize the Kurdish minority as an integral part of the nation, ensuring their constitutional rights, including linguistic freedoms and citizenship guarantees.
“This is a real opportunity to build a new Syria,” Abdi stated.
He emphasized the commitment to a more inclusive future for all Syrians.
The agreement also outlines a nationwide ceasefire, though its implementation remains uncertain amid ongoing clashes in various parts of the country. In western Syria, violent confrontations between security forces and pro-Assad factions have resulted in over 1,300 deaths, highlighting the ongoing instability.
The SDF has played a crucial role in Syria’s conflict, particularly in the fight against the Islamic State (IS) with US backing. Over the years, the Kurdish-led force established a de facto autonomous administration in the northeast, known as the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES). However, shifting geopolitical dynamics—especially uncertainty surrounding US support—may have influenced the SDF’s decision to negotiate with Damascus.
Turkey, which has long opposed the SDF due to its links to the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), has yet to respond to the agreement. Ankara has previously launched military operations against SDF-held areas, viewing the group as a security threat. With Turkish-backed factions operating near the border, it remains unclear how the new arrangement will affect tensions in the region.
Despite the breakthrough, several key questions remain unresolved. It is unclear whether the SDF will be allowed to maintain a degree of autonomy within Syria’s armed forces or if it must fully disband and merge into the national army. Additionally, the logistics of enforcing the ceasefire and ensuring security across contested areas remain ambiguous.
On the ground, reactions have been mixed. While some in northeastern Syria celebrated the agreement as a step toward stability, others remain cautious about its implications. Faisal Ahmed, a resident of Qamishli, expressed hope but also concerns about security.
“We want to be sure Damascus guarantees our rights,” he said.
Ahmed reflected broader anxieties among local communities.
BBC, the New York Times, and Deutsche Welle contributed to this report.
